BioAssay Ontology
type: Ontology
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/
version info: 2.8.6
label: BAO
comment: Created by: Hande Küçük McGinty, Janice Kranz, Joseph Ostrow, Alex Clark, Yu Lin, Saminda Abeyruwan, Uma Vempati, Kunie Sakurai, Vance Lemmon, Ubbo Visser, John Turner, add_name, Stephan Schurer*
comment: Contact: Stephan Schurer stephan dot schurer at med dot miami dot edu
date: 29 June 2023

phosphate buffered saline
type: Class
IAO_0000118: PBS
subclass of: molecular entity

LysoTracker Red
type: Class
subclass of: molecular entity

bead
type: Class
subclass of: material entity

Syto 60
type: Class
subclass of: molecular entity

culture medium
type: Class
IAO_0000115: The liquid broth used to grow cells, which is optimized for each cell type and includes additives such as growth factors, buffers, amino acids, antibiotics, etc. This information can be obtained from ATCC or found in relevant publications.
subclass of: material entity

Hoechst 33342
type: Class
subclass of: Hoechst

Hoechst
type: Class
subclass of: molecular entity

DMSO
type: Class
IAO_0000115: Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) is a common organic solvent that is used to solubilize the chemical compounds prior to their addition to an assay. DMSO can have a significant impact on enzyme activity and the concentration of DMSO in the wells containing compound should be identical to the concentration of DMSO in the control wells. DMSO can also impact the solubility of a compound and its observed potency. Therefore, the concentration of DMSO should be consistent in replicate experiments.
subclass of: molecular entity

ACTOne Membrane Potential Dye
type: Class
subclass of: molecular entity

peptoid
type: Class
IAO_0000115: Peptoids are a class of biomimetic polymers based on oligo-N-substituted glycine backbones, designed to mimic peptides and proteins. Peptoids are resistant to proteolysis and not typically denatured by solvent, temperature, or chemical denaturants.
subclass of: molecular entity

DNA aptamer
type: Class
IAO_0000118: deoxyribonucleic acid aptamer
IAO_0000115: Aptamers are synthetic affinity probes. DNA aptamers are oligonucleotides that bind to a specific target molecule, such as small molecules, proteins, nucleic acids and cells. They are created by selecting them from a large random sequence pool through repeated rounds of in vitro selection.
subclass of: molecular entity

peptide aptamer
type: Class
IAO_0000115: Aptamers are synthetic affinity probes. Peptide aptamers consist of a variable peptide loop attached at both ends of a protein scaffold, such as thioredoxin-A. They bind to target proteins with high affinity, similar to that of an antibody. They are designed to inhibit the function of other protein inside the cell.
subclass of: molecular entity

molecular beacon
type: Class
IAO_0000115: Molecular beacons are hairpin shaped oligonucleotide probes with an internally quenched fluorophore whose fluorescence is restored upon binding to a target nucleic acid. They are used to detect nucleic acids in solution.
subclass of: molecular entity

assay medium
type: Class
IAO_0000115: The cell culture broth used while performing an assay on cells, which is optimized for each assay type. Some interfering additives such as serum, growth factors, buffers, amino acids, antibiotics, etc. might be eliminated in this medium.
subclass of: material entity

forskolin
type: Class
subclass of: molecular entity

doxorubicin
type: Class
subclass of: molecular entity

metal salt
type: Class
IAO_0000115: An ionic compound (principally consisting of Na, K, Li, Ca, and Mg as cation) which is used as an additive in an assay.
subclass of: molecular entity

HEPES
type: Class
IAO_0000118: 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazineethanesulfonic acid
subclass of: molecular entity

tris
type: Class
IAO_0000118: Tris (hydroxymethyl) aminomethane
subclass of: molecular entity

MOPS
type: Class
subclass of: molecular entity

phosphate buffer
type: Class
subclass of: molecular entity

1-aminoanthracene
type: Class
subclass of: molecular entity

saponin
type: Class
subclass of: molecular entity

tetracycline
type: Class
subclass of: molecular entity

NADPH
type: Class
subclass of: molecular entity

S-adenosyl methionine
type: Class
subclass of: molecular entity

coenzyme Q
type: Class
subclass of: molecular entity

doxycycline
type: Class
subclass of: molecular entity

estrogen
type: Class
subclass of: molecular entity

3-isobutyl-1-methylanxthine
type: Class
IAO_0000118: IBMX
subclass of: molecular entity

ionomycin
type: Class
subclass of: molecular entity

NHK 477
type: Class
subclass of: molecular entity

retinoic acid
type: Class
subclass of: molecular entity

triiodothyronine
type: Class
IAO_0000118: T3
subclass of: molecular entity

tunicamycin
type: Class
subclass of: molecular entity

CDP-ME
type: Class
IAO_0000118: 4-diphosphocytidyl-2-C-methyl-D-erythritol
subclass of: molecular entity

creatine phosphate
type: Class
subclass of: molecular entity

deoxyluciferin
type: Class
subclass of: molecular entity

ethylene glycol ester of luciferin 6' methyl ether
type: Class
subclass of: molecular entity

luciferin 6-ME
type: Class
subclass of: molecular entity

luciferin-PPXE
type: Class
subclass of: molecular entity

luciferin-BE
type: Class
subclass of: molecular entity

peptide-aminoluciferin
type: Class
subclass of: molecular entity

furafylline
type: Class
subclass of: molecular entity
deprecated: true

ketoconazole
type: Class
subclass of: molecular entity

quinidine
type: Class
subclass of: molecular entity
deprecated: true

lipofectin
type: Class
subclass of: molecular entity

TransIT-CHO kit
type: Class
subclass of: molecular entity

TransIT-LT1
type: Class
subclass of: molecular entity

wee1-like protein-luciferin 4-monooxygenase
type: Class
subclass of: molecular entity

1, 4 methyllumbelliferone
type: Class
subclass of: molecular entity

3-O-methyl-fluorescein
type: Class
subclass of: molecular entity

3-O-methylfluorescein phosphate
type: Class
subclass of: molecular entity

4 methylumbelliferyl-D-pyranoside
type: Class
subclass of: molecular entity

5-carboxamidotryptamine
type: Class
subclass of: molecular entity

6,8-difluoro-4-methylumbelliferyl phosphate
type: Class
subclass of: molecular entity

6,8-difluoro-7-hydroxy-4-methylcoumarin
type: Class
subclass of: molecular entity

[3H]N-methylscopolamine
type: Class
subclass of: molecular entity

A23187
type: Class
subclass of: molecular entity

acetylcholine
type: Class
subclass of: molecular entity

7-amino-4-trifluoromethylcoumarin
type: Class
subclass of: molecular entity

alkaline phosphatase-cAMP
type: Class
subclass of: molecular entity

7-amino-4-methylcoumarin
type: Class
subclass of: molecular entity

angiotensin II
type: Class
subclass of: molecular entity

arachidonic acid
type: Class
subclass of: molecular entity

arrestin-GFP
type: Class
subclass of: molecular entity

beta-hydroxybutyryl coenzyme A
type: Class
subclass of: molecular entity

bisindolylmaleimide
type: Class
IAO_0000115: PKC inhibitor 3-{1-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-1H-indol-3-yl}-4-(1H-indol-3-yl)-1H-pyrrole-2,5-dione
subclass of: molecular entity

Brij-35
type: Class
comment: Brij-35 is a nonionic polyoxyethylene surfactant that is most frequently used as a component of cell lysis buffers or a surfactant in various HPLC applications.
subclass of: molecular entity

BRL-54443
type: Class
IAO_0000115: 5-Hydroxy-3-(1-methylpiperidin-4-yl)-1H-indole A potent 5-ht1E/1F receptor agonist
subclass of: molecular entity

BTC AM Fluorescent Dye Indicator
type: Class
subclass of: molecular entity

calcium
type: Class
subclass of: molecular entity

carbachol
type: Class
subclass of: molecular entity

CHAPS
type: Class
comment: CHAPS is a zwitterionic detergent used in the laboratory to solubilize biological macromolecules such as proteins. It is used as a non-denaturing solvent in the process of protein purification and is especially useful in purifying membrane proteins, which are often sparingly soluble or insoluble in aqueous solution due to their native hydrophobicity. CHAPS can also be used in conjunction with nonionic detergents such as Triton X-100.
subclass of: molecular entity

coenzyme A
type: Class
subclass of: molecular entity

Cy5
type: Class
subclass of: molecular entity

cysteine
type: Class
IAO_0000115: Cysteine has antioxidant properties due to the ability of thiols to undergo redox reactions.
subclass of: molecular entity

inositol-1-phosphate
type: Class
IAO_0000118: IP1
IAO_0000118: inositol monophosphate
subclass of: molecular entity

DAMGO
type: Class
subclass of: molecular entity

diminazene aceturate
type: Class
IAO_0000115: It intercalates DNA and RNA.
subclass of: molecular entity

diphosphomevalonate
type: Class
subclass of: molecular entity

dopamine
type: Class
subclass of: molecular entity

DTT
type: Class
IAO_0000115: Dithiothreitol (DTT) is the common name for a small-molecule redox reagent known as Cleland's reagent. DTT's formula is C4H10O2S2 and the molecular structure of its reduced form is shown at the right; its oxidized form is a disulfide-bonded 6-membered ring (shown below). Its name derives from the four-carbon sugar, threose.
subclass of: molecular entity

dynorphin A
type: Class
subclass of: molecular entity

estrogen-alexa 633
type: Class
subclass of: molecular entity

Eu3+-cAMP
type: Class
subclass of: molecular entity

fluo-4 AM calcium indicator
type: Class
subclass of: molecular entity

fluorophosphonate-rhodamine
type: Class
subclass of: molecular entity

fluozin-2
type: Class
subclass of: molecular entity

fluozin
type: Class
subclass of: molecular entity

glutamate
type: Class
subclass of: molecular entity

Go6976
type: Class
IAO_0000115: 5,6,7,13-Tetrahydro-13-methyl-5-oxo-12H-indolo[2,3-a]pyrrolo[3,4-c]carbazole-12-propanenitrile Potent protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor (IC50 = 7.9 nM).
subclass of: molecular entity

GW5074
type: Class
IAO_0000115: 3-(3,5-Dibromo-4-hydroxy-benzylidene)-5-iodo-1,3-dihydro-indol-2-one Potent, selective and cell-permeable c-Raf1 kinase inhibitor (IC50 = 9 nM). Displays ≥ 100-fold selectivity for raf kinase over CDK1, CDK2, c-src, ERK2, MEK, p38, Tie2, VEGFR2 and c-fm.
subclass of: molecular entity

GW8510
type: Class
IAO_0000115: An inhibitor of cyclin kinase 2 (CDK2) which prevents and/or reduces the side effects of chemotherapy (alopecia, plantar-palmar syndrome and mucositis).
subclass of: molecular entity

indo-1 calcium indicator
type: Class
subclass of: molecular entity

IPEGAL
type: Class
comment: IGEPAL CA-630 is a nonionic, non-denaturing detergent. Its official IUPAC name is octylphenoxypolyethoxyethanol.
subclass of: molecular entity

isoproterenol
type: Class
subclass of: molecular entity

L-AP4
type: Class
IAO_0000115: L-(+)-2-Amino-4-phosphonobutyric acid Selective group III metabotropic glutamate receptor agonist.
subclass of: molecular entity

lipofectamine 2000
type: Class
IAO_0000115: Lipofectamine™ 2000 Reagent delivers DNA or siRNA with excellent transfection performance for protein expression, gene silencing, and functional assays. Superior efficiency, optimized protocols, and unparalleled success across a broad range of cell lines.
subclass of: molecular entity

lithium chloride
type: Class
subclass of: metal salt

luciferin-H
type: Class
subclass of: molecular entity

luciferin-H EGE
type: Class
subclass of: molecular entity

lysophosphatidylinositol
type: Class
subclass of: molecular entity

mevalonate
type: Class
subclass of: molecular entity

NBD C6-HPC
type: Class
IAO_0000118: 2-(6-(7-Nitrobenz-2-Oxa-1,3-Diazol-4-yl)amino)Hexanoyl-1-Hexadecanoyl-sn-Glycero-3-Phosphocholine (NBD C6-HPC)
subclass of: molecular entity

NP-40
type: Class
comment: NP-40 is a commercially available detergent. The full name of NP-40 is Tergitol-type NP-40, which is nonyl phenoxypolyethoxylethanol.
subclass of: molecular entity

O-methyl-fluorescein phosphate
type: Class
subclass of: molecular entity

para-nitrophenol
type: Class
subclass of: molecular entity

para-nitrophenylphosphate
type: Class
IAO_0000118: PNPP
comment: para-Nitrophenylphosphate (pNPP) is a chromogenic substrate for acid and alkaline phosphatase in ELISA assays. Under their influence the decay to yellow para-nitrophenol is catalysed. This product can be measured with a 405 nm spectrophotometer.
subclass of: molecular entity

phosphoenolpyruvate
type: Class
comment: It has the high-energy phosphate bond found (-61.9 kJ/mol) in living organisms, and is involved in glycolysis and gluconeogenesis. In plants, it is also involved in the biosynthesis of various aromatic compounds, and in carbon fixation; in bacteria, it is also used as the source of energy for the phosphotransferase system.
subclass of: molecular entity

phosphoethanolamine
type: Class
comment: Phosphorylethanolamine or phosphoethanolamine is an ethanolamine derivative that is used to construct sphingomyelins.
subclass of: molecular entity

phosphomevalonate
type: Class
subclass of: molecular entity

pluronic F-127
type: Class
comment: Pluronic® F-127 is a nonionic, surfactant polyol (molecular weight approximately 12,500 daltons) that has been found to facilitate the solubilization of water-insoluble dyes and other materials in physiological media.
subclass of: molecular entity

phorbol myristate acetate
type: Class
subclass of: molecular entity

potassium phosphoenolpyruvate
type: Class
subclass of: molecular entity

probenecid
type: Class
IAO_0000115: 4-(Dipropylsulfamoyl)benzoic acid Inhibitor of multidrug resistance-associated proteins (MRP).
subclass of: molecular entity

profluorescent 1-AMA
type: Class
subclass of: molecular entity

prostaglandin
type: Class
subclass of: molecular entity

prostaglandin E2
type: Class
subclass of: molecular entity

pyrimidine-4,6-dicarboxylic acid
type: Class
IAO_0000115: pyrimidine-4,6-dicarboxylic acid, bis-(4-fluoro-3-methyl-benzylamide) Degrades collagen type I.
subclass of: molecular entity

rauwolscine
type: Class
IAO_0000115: Rauwolscine acts predominantly as a α2-adrenergic receptor antagonist. It has also been shown to function as a 5-HT1A receptor partial agonist and 5-HT2A and 5-HT2B receptor antagonist.
subclass of: molecular entity

resorufin
type: Class
subclass of: molecular entity

rhodamine
type: Class
subclass of: molecular entity

rhodamine-conjugated sulfonate ester
type: Class
subclass of: molecular entity

Ro 20-1724
type: Class
IAO_0000115: 4-(3-Butoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)methyl-2-imidazolidone Widely used inhibitor of cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase, selective for PDE4 (IC50 = 2.0 μM).
subclass of: molecular entity

rolipram
type: Class
IAO_0000115: Rolipram is a PDE4-inhibitor.
subclass of: molecular entity

SNC80
type: Class
IAO_0000115: A highly selective and potent non-peptide δ-opioid agonist, 2000-fold selective over μ-opioid receptors. (+)-4-[(αR)-α-((2S,5R)-4-Allyl-2,5-di methyl-1-piperazinyl)-3-methoxybenzyl]-N,N-diethyl benzamide
subclass of: molecular entity

sodium orthovanadate
type: Class
IAO_0000115: Sodium orthovanadate is the chemical compound Na3VO4 and contains the tetrahedral VO43−. It is an inhibitor of protein tyrosine phosphatases, alkaline phosphatases and a number of ATPases, most likely acting as a phosphate analogue. The VO43- ion binds reversibly to the active sites of most protein tyrosine phosphatases.
subclass of: molecular entity

staurosporine
type: Class
IAO_0000115: Staurosporine (antibiotic AM-2282 or STS) is a natural product originally isolated in 1977 from the bacterium Streptomyces staurosporeus.
subclass of: molecular entity

stibavirin
type: Class
IAO_0000115: The stibonic acid compound, NSC13778, also know as stibavirin, previously has been reported to inhibit the interaction between transcription factors C/EBP, C/EBPß, CREB, Fos/JunD, and VBP and their cognate DNA sequences, HIV nucleocapsid protein p7 and viral RNA, and HIV gp120 and CD4. Now, we report that this compound is a potent inhibitor of the interaction between transcription factors TFE3, Alveolar Soft Part Sarcoma (ASPS) associated fusion protein ASPL-TFE3 type 1, and ASPL-TFE3 type 2 and their cognate DNA. Proc Amer Assoc Cancer Res, Volume 47, 2006
subclass of: molecular entity

SYPRO orange dye
type: Class
subclass of: molecular entity

texas Red
type: Class
subclass of: molecular entity

TG003
type: Class
IAO_0000115: 219479 Cdc2-Like Kinase Inhibitor, TG003 (Z)-1-(3-Ethyl-5-methoxy-2,3-dihydrobenzothiazol-2-ylidene)propan-2-one, Clk Inhibitor, TG003
subclass of: molecular entity

thallium
type: Class
subclass of: molecular entity

thapsigargin
type: Class
subclass of: molecular entity

thioflavine S
type: Class
IAO_0000115: used for staining of senile amyloid deposits/plaques
subclass of: molecular entity

triton X-100
type: Class
comment: Triton X-100 (C14H22O(C2H4O)n) is a nonionic surfactant which has a hydrophilic polyethylene oxide group (on average it has 9.5 ethylene oxide units) and a hydrocarbon lipophilic or hydrophobic group.
subclass of: molecular entity

tween 20
type: Class
comment: Polysorbate 20 (common commercial brand names include Alkest TW 20 and Tween 20) is a polysorbate surfactant whose stability and relative non-toxicity allows it to be used as a detergent and emulsifier in a number of domestic, scientific, and pharmacological applications. It is a polyoxyethylene derivative of sorbitan monolaurate, and is distinguished from the other members in the polysorbate range by the length of the polyoxyethylene chain and the fatty acid ester moiety.
subclass of: molecular entity

vasopressin
type: Class
subclass of: molecular entity

WIN55212
type: Class
IAO_0000115: WIN 55,212-2 is a potent cannabinoid receptor agonist.
subclass of: molecular entity

zaprinast
type: Class
subclass of: molecular entity

Fluormone PL Far Red
type: Class
comment: IRI prefix change from BAO_02000 to BAO_00012 in January 2017
subclass of: molecular entity

Fluormone ES2 Green
type: Class
comment: IRI prefix change from BAO_02000 to BAO_00012 in January 2017
subclass of: molecular entity

Fluorescein
type: Class
comment: IRI prefix change from BAO_02000 to BAO_00012 in January 2017
subclass of: molecular entity

Amplex red reagent
type: Class
comment: IRI prefix change from BAO_02000 to BAO_00012 in January 2017
subclass of: molecular entity

Atto 495
type: Class
comment: IRI prefix change from BAO_02000 to BAO_00012 in January 2017
subclass of: molecular entity

QuantaBlu
type: Class
comment: IRI prefix change from BAO_02000 to BAO_00012 in January 2017
subclass of: molecular entity

Sytox Orange
type: Class
comment: IRI prefix change from BAO_02000 to BAO_00012 in January 2017
subclass of: molecular entity

Ellman and apos's reagent
type: Class
comment: IRI prefix change from BAO_02000 to BAO_00012 in January 2017
subclass of: molecular entity

3H
type: Class
comment: IRI prefix change from BAO_02000 to BAO_00012 in January 2017
subclass of: molecular entity

35S
type: Class
comment: IRI prefix change from BAO_02000 to BAO_00012 in January 2017
subclass of: molecular entity

ACP-tag
type: Class
comment: IRI prefix change from BAO_02000 to BAO_00012 in January 2017
subclass of: molecular entity

RNA interference construct
type: Class
subclass of: molecular entity

ethyleneglycol-bis(β-aminoethyl)-N,N,N′,N′-tetraacetic acid
type: Class
IAO_0000118: EGTA
subclass of: molecular entity

ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid
type: Class
IAO_0000118: EDTA
subclass of: molecular entity

GST tag
type: Class
subclass of: molecular entity

XTT red
type: Class
subclass of: molecular entity

malachite green
type: Class
subclass of: molecular entity

5/6 TAMRA
type: Class
subclass of: molecular entity

culture serum
type: Class
IAO_0000115: The serum used in cell culture medium. Cultured cells require serum or growth factors for growth by cell division. In the laboratory, each cell type is grown in a medium supplemented with a variable concentration of serum (up to 20%) which is optimized for its growth. Specialized sera include dextran charcoal treated serum, which lacks certain hormones, growth factors, etc, dialyzed serum, which lacks low molecular weight molecules (below 10,000 MW), such as glucose, amino acids, low molecular weight hormones, cytokines, etc. Most commonly, fetal bovine serum is used in cell culture, but other sera such as horse serum are also used.
subclass of: material entity

assay serum
type: Class
IAO_0000115: The serum used in assay medium while performing a cell-based assay and is optimized for each assay type. In certain assays, the cells could be maintained at either a lower concentration of the serum or in a specialized serum, including dextran charcoal treated serum, dialyzed serum, etc. This is done to avoid interference with the assay measurements.
subclass of: material entity

cyclin B1-luciferin 4-monooxygenase
type: Class
subclass of: molecular entity

FuGENE 6
type: Class
subclass of: molecular entity

fluo-8 calcium indicator
type: Class
subclass of: molecular entity

MES
type: Class
IAO_0000118: 2-(N-morpholino)ethanesulfonic acid
subclass of: molecular entity

AlphaScreen Beads
type: Class
subclass of: bead

inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate
type: Class
IAO_0000118: IP3
IAO_0000118: inositol trisphosphate
subclass of: molecular entity

phosphatidylinositol (3,4,5)-triphosphate
type: Class
subclass of: molecular entity

HBSS
type: Class
IAO_0000118: Hank's balanced salt solution
subclass of: molecular entity

molecular entity
type: Class
comment: Any constitutionally or isotopically distinct atom, molecule, ion, ion pair, radical, radical ion, complex, conformer etc., identifiable as a separately distinguishable entity (from OBI).
subclass of: material entity

TO-PRO3
type: Class
subclass of: molecular entity

PIPES
type: Class
IAO_0000118: piperazine-N,N'-bis(2-ethanesulfonic acid)
subclass of: molecular entity

tricine
type: Class
subclass of: molecular entity

octyl glucoside
type: Class
IAO_0000118: n-octyl-β-D-glucoside
subclass of: molecular entity

tris(2-carboxyethyl)phosphine hydrochloride
type: Class
IAO_0000118: TCEP
subclass of: molecular entity

beetle luciferin
type: Class
subclass of: molecular entity

material entity
type: Class

DiFMUP (Molecular Probes)
type: Class
IAO_0000115: A fluorinated 4-methylumbelliferyl phosphate (MUP) derivative that has a lower pKa than that of MUP, making DiFMUP an excellent substrate for continuously assaying acid phosphatases at low pH. The reaction product of DiFMUP has excitation/emission maxima of ~358/450 nm.
IAO_0000118: 6,8-Difluoro-4-Methylumbelliferyl Phosphate
subclass of: molecular entity

alamarBlue
type: Class
IAO_0000115: alamarBlue is a cell viability assay reagent which contains the cell permeable, non-toxic, and weakly fluorescent blue indicator dye called resazurin.
IAO_0000118: Alamar Blue
subclass of: molecular entity

Alexa555
type: Class
IAO_0000115: Fluorescent dye with an excitation/emission maxima of ~555/580 nm.
IAO_0000118: Alexa Fluor 555
IAO_0000118: Alexa555

Alexa568
type: Class
IAO_0000115: Fluorescent dye with an excitation/emission maxima of ~578/603 nm.
IAO_0000118: Alexa Fluor 568
IAO_0000118: Alexa568

ammonium acetate
type: Class
IAO_0000115: Common buffer component with the chemical formula NH4CH3CO2.
IAO_0000118: ammonium ethanoate
IAO_0000118: AmOAc
subclass of: molecular entity

beta-mercaptoethanol
type: Class
IAO_0000115: Used to reduce disulfide bonds
IAO_0000118: 2-mercaptoethanol
IAO_0000118: BME
IAO_0000118: 2BME
IAO_0000118: thioglycol
IAO_0000118: β-mercaptoethanol
subclass of: molecular entity

BIS-TRIS
type: Class
IAO_0000115: Common buffering agent
IAO_0000118: Bis-tris methane
IAO_0000118: BTM
subclass of: molecular entity

DAPI
type: Class
IAO_0000115: Blue-fluorescent DNA stain
IAO_0000118: 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole

formamide
type: Class
IAO_0000115: Organic solvent which allows for the denaturation and renaturation of nucleic acids at room temperature. Often used as a quenching agent.
IAO_0000118: methanamide
IAO_0000118: carbamaldehyde
subclass of: molecular entity

magnesium chloride
type: Class
IAO_0000115: Hygroscopic salt commonly used in buffers
IAO_0000118: MgCl2
IAO_0000118: Magnesium dichloride
IAO_0000118: chloromagnestite
subclass of: molecular entity

potassium chloride
type: Class
IAO_0000115: Inorganic salt commonly used in buffers
IAO_0000118: KCl
subclass of: molecular entity

sodium chloride
type: Class
IAO_0000115: Commonly used salt
IAO_0000118: NaCl
subclass of: molecular entity

GPCR arrestin complex
type: Class
subclass of: molecular entity

GPCR complex
type: Class
subclass of: molecular entity